20th century
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Copland Aaron
Aitken, Robert
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Duo for flute and piano
A. Copland: Duo for Flute and Piano was written in 1971 as part of three works for flute and various other instruments. The Duo was commissioned as dedication to William Kincaid, the former Principal Flute of the Philadelphia Orchestra. The overall pastoral style of Duo represents Copland's "Americana" style where he captures sounds of authentic America.
Israela Margalit, (piano), 1995, live at the Recital Hall, State University of New York
1. Flowing, 2. Poetic, somewhat mournful, 3. Lively, with bounce
Stefan de Schepper (piano), 2019, Quintessence BVBA / The-Source
2. Poetic, somewhat mournful
Stefan de Schepper (piano), 2019, Quintessence BVBA / The-Source
3. Lively, with bounce
Aaron Copland (1900-1990) was an American composer, often called "the Dean of American Composers". He successfully blended modernism with populist appeal, incorporating folk themes and jazz into his works.
Born in Brooklyn, New York, to Jewish immigrants from Lithuania, his upbringing was decidedly middle-class (his parents ran a department store). His initial musical exposure came from his sister, Laurine, who gave him his first piano lessons. By age 15, Copland decided to become a composer. He studied theory and composition with Rubin Goldmark, a conservative teacher who provided him with a solid classical foundation but famously disapproved of Copland's interest in "modern" sounds.
In 1921, Copland moved to Paris to study at the newly founded Fontainebleau School. There, he became the first student of the legendary Nadia Boulanger. Her mentorship shifted his focus toward rhythmic clarity and structural economy, which became hallmarks of his style.
Upon returning to New York, Copland sought to write music that was "distinctively American." This led to early jazz-influenced works like Music for the Theatre and the Piano Concerto. During the Great Depression, Copland intentionally simplified his style to reach a wider audience. This "vernacular" period produced his most beloved ballets: Billy the Kid (1938), Rodeo (1942), and the Pulitzer Prize-winning Appalachian Spring (1944). In his later years, he explored Twelve-tone (serial) techniques in works like Connotations, though he never lost his sense of clear, "open" orchestration.
Copland's style of music has been summed up as "modern consciousness of American ideals, character and sense of place", making his music interesting not only to musicians but historians as well.
Among his most important compositions: ballets Appalachian Spring, Billy the Kid, and Rodeo, works for orchestra Fanfare for the Common Man and Third Symphony.