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Dvořák Antonin
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Sonatina for flute and piano in G Major, Op. 100
Sonatina for flute and piano in G Major, Op. 100
Antonín Dvořák: Sonatina for flute and piano in G Major, Op. 100 was composed in 1893. Originally: for violin and piano.
Dvořák wrote the sonatina in New York over two weeks in late 1893 during his time as director of the National Conservatory of Music. He dedicated it to his two children, Otilie and Antonín, who were 15 and 10 years old at the time and learning piano and violin, respectively. Dvořák noted that while it was intended for young people, "even grown-ups, adults, should be able to converse with it".
The piece was written during Dvořák's time in the United States and, like his "New World" Symphony, it draws inspiration from American folk music. The music incorporates elements such as the pentatonic scale and syncopated rhythms.
The second movement, a melancholic piece titled "Larghetto," is particularly famous. According to legend, Dvořák wrote his main theme after being inspired by a visit to Minnehaha Falls in Minneapolis, and it is sometimes published separately with titles like "Indian Lament" or "Indian Canzonetta".
There are several arrangements for flute, including James Galway, Alain Marion, Robert Stallman, and Mark Thiel.
Hugh Sung (piano), live performance 16 November, 2015, The Riverside Church in New York.
1. Molto vivace; 2. Larghetto; 3. Molto vivace; 4. Allegro
Dvořák Antonin
Antonín Dvořák (1841 - 1904) was a prominent Czech composer of the Romantic era, the first from Bohemia to achieve worldwide recognition. He is celebrated for his vibrant, melodic style that blended the classical tradition with the folk music idioms of his native Bohemia and Moravia.
Born the son of a butcher and innkeeper in the village of Nelahozeves, Dvořák displayed a strong musical talent from an early age, learning the violin. He pursued formal musical training at the Prague Organ School from 1857 to 1859, after which he played the viola in a professional orchestra, eventually the Bohemian Provisional Theatre Orchestra, conducted at times by Bedřich Smetana.
Dvořák's compositions began to gain notice in the 1870s. A pivotal moment came when he was awarded the Austrian State Prize in 1875, bringing him to the attention of Johannes Brahms, who recommended him to his publisher, Fritz Simrock. Simrock's publication of Dvořák's Moravian Duets (1878) and the first set of Slavonic Dances (1878) launched his international career, popularizing Slavic themes across Europe and America. His reputation grew with performances of major choral works like the Stabat Mater (1877) and commissions from England, including his Symphony No. 7.
In 1892, Dvořák accepted a lucrative position as the director of the National Conservatory of Music in New York City, where he stayed until 1895. During this time, he was encouraged to create an "American" style of music by incorporating Black and Native American musical elements. This period produced some of his most famous works: Symphony No. 9 ("From the New World"); String Quartet No. 12 ("American"), and Cello Concerto in B minor (1895).
Homesickness and financial difficulties at the Conservatory led Dvořák to return to Prague in 1895, where he resumed teaching at the Conservatory (eventually becoming its director). In his final years, he focused on programmatic works and opera, including his masterpiece opera Rusalka (1900), which contains the famous "Song to the Moon" aria.