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Guarnieri Mozart Camargo
Aitken, Robert
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Sonatina for flute and piano
Sonatina for flute and piano
Mozart Camargo Guarnieri: Sonatina for flute and piano was written in New York in 1947 and dedicated to the Brazilian flautist Esteban Eitler. Eitler was a pivotal figure in South American contemporary music, known for his work in both Argentina and Brazil and his advocacy for new wind literature.
It was premiered on October 13, 1947, in São Paulo, Brazil, by Esteban Eitler and the composer at the piano.
The work is noted for its contrapuntal clarity and the "urban" folk character of São Paulo. Guarnieri avoids literal folk quotations, instead creating original themes that "feel" authentically Brazilian through the use of Lydian and Mixolydian modes. The piece follows a traditional three-movement scheme with Portuguese titles:
1. Allegro (features syncopated rhythms and the "choro" style)
2. Melancólico (a lyrical movement inspired by the "modinha", a sentimental Brazilian song form)
3. Saltitante (a virtuosic finale characterized by playful, jumping rhythms)
In 1947, Guarnieri was the leading figure of the second generation of Brazilian nationalists (following Heitor Villa-Lobos). Having recently returned from a highly successful tour of the United States (1942–1943), he was focused on creating a "Brazilian" sound that was more structurally disciplined than the often sprawling works of Villa-Lobos.
During the late 1940s, Guarnieri was a vocal critic of the dodecaphonic (twelve-tone) movement emerging in Brazil (Música Viva). His 1947 works, including this Sonatina, were a deliberate defense of tonality and national identity, utilizing Brazilian rhythms and modal melodies as an alternative to European avant-garde trends.
1947 was a year of intense creativity for Guarnieri. Along with the Sonatina, he was working on his second symphony and several "Ponteios" for piano, all of which aimed to distill the "alma brasileira" (Brazilian soul) into classical forms.
Guarnieri Mozart Camargo
Mozart Camargo Guarneri (1907-1993) was a Brazilian composer who studied composition in São Paulo and Paris and is considered as one of most important Brazilian composers. Aaron Copland once wrote: "Camargo Guarnieri is in my opinion the most exiting unknown talent in South America.".
Overall Guarnieri wrote over 700 compositions: symphonies, instrumental concertos, chamber music and solo works. Guarnieri was also known for his habit to ask a friend to play two notes on the piano which later would be used as a basic material for Guarnieri’s next composition. Besides Sonatina, Guarneri wrote several compositions for flute which weren't published: Three Improvisations for Solo Flute (1941, 1943, 1949), Choro for Flute and Chamber orchestra (1972), Improvisation for Flute and Strings (1987).