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Mendelssohn Felix
Akimenko, Theodore
Albeniz, Isaac
Andersen, Joachim
Barnett, John Francis
Bazzini, Antonio
Beach, Amy
Bellini, Vincenzo
Bizet, George
Blahetka, Leopoldine
Blodek, Wilhelm
Boehm, Theobald
Bonis, Mel
Borne, François
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Briccialdi, Giulio
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Caplet, André
Chaminade, Cécile
Chopin, Frédéric
Danzi, Franz Ignaz
Debussy, Claude
Demersseman, Jules-Auguste Edouard
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Donjon, Johannes
Doppler, Albert Franz
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Dvořák, Antonin
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Franck, César
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Fürstenau, Anton Bernhard
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Ganne, Louis
Génin, Paul Agricole
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Grandval, Clémence
Hahn, Reynaldo
Hüe, Georges Adolphe
Hummel, Johann Nepomuk
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Kreisler, Fritz
Kuhlau, Friedrich
Lefebvre, Charles Edouard
Liszt, Franz
Maier, Amanda
Massenet, Jules
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Mendelssohn, Felix
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Rossini, Gioacchino
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Sarasate, Pablo de
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Schumann, Robert
Sibelius, Jean
Silcher, Friedrich
Strauss, Richard
Taffanel, Claude Paul
Tulou, Jean-Louis
Vitali, Tomaso Antonio
Wagner, Siegfried
Widor, Charles Marie Jean Albert
Scherzo from "A Midsummer Night's Dream", Op. 61/1
Felix Mendelssohn: Scherzo from "A Midsummer Night's Dream", Op. 61/1 for flute and piano was written in 1843, originally as an orchestral interlude. The Op. 61 incidental music was dedicated to King Frederick William IV of Prussia, who had commissioned the work as part of his effort to revive classical Greek and Shakespearean drama in Berlin.
The incidental music, including the Scherzo, premiered on October 14, 1843, at the New Palace in Potsdam, Germany. It was performed for the court of King Frederick William IV of Prussia.
The Scherzo movement is a masterpiece of "staccato" writing. The famous flute solo occurs at the very end of the movement, consisting of nearly a minute of continuous, rapid-fire sixteenth notes that require exceptional double-tonguing and breath control.
1843 was marked by Mendelssohn’s personal struggle with his appointment as "Royal Director of Music" in Berlin. He disliked the bureaucracy of the Prussian court but felt obligated to the King. The commission for A Midsummer Night's Dream was his successful attempt to bridge his artistic standards with his royal duties. This year solidified Mendelssohn’s reputation for the elfen-style (fairy-like) music, characterized by light textures, rapid minor-key scurrying, and transparent orchestration—of which the Scherzo is the ultimate example.
In April 1843, Mendelssohn officially opened the Leipzig Conservatory, the first of its kind in Germany. He was simultaneously serving as its director, a professor, and the conductor of the Gewandhaus Orchestra.
Charles Gerhardt (conductor), National Philharmonic Orchestra, 1978, Sony / RCA Red Seal
A Midsummer Night's Dream: Scherzo
Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847) was a German pianist, composer, conductor, and teacher, one of the most prominent composers of the early Romantic period.
Born in a Jewish family, Felix, together with his brother and two sisters, was baptized in 1816 as a Lutheran, and in 1822 when the whole family was baptized, the family adopted the surname Bartholdy, following the example of Felix’s maternal uncle, who had chosen to adopt the name of a family farm.
Initially, he studied piano with his parents, then with Ludwig Berger in Berlin where he additionally studied composition with Carl Friedrich Zelter who had enormous influence on his development. Thus Felix exhibited mature qualities as a composer at an unusually early age. During his boyhood years, he composed 5 operas and 11 symphonies, most of which were kept in the Prussian State Library in Berlin and lost during World War II.
At an early age, he became well-received in his travels throughout Europe as a composer, conductor, and soloist throughout Europe.
In 1833 he was appointed musical director in Düsseldorf, which was his first paid post as a musician. However, frustration at his everyday duties in Düsseldorf, and the city's provincialism, led him to resign his position at the end of 1834. In 1835 he accepted the post of musical director of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra which helped to revive interest in the music of Schubert and Schumann.
In 1843 Mendelssohn founded a major music school – the Leipzig Conservatory (now Hochschule für Musik und Theater "Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy") where many prominent musicians were members of the faculty, including R.Schumann, I.Moscheles, J. Joachim to name a few.
Among his most famous works is Overture to A Midsummer Night’s Dream, including the famous "Wedding March" (1826), the Italian Symphony (1833), a violin concerto (1844), two piano concerti (1831, 1837), the oratorio Elijah (1846), and Songs Without Words for piano solo.